Thank you David,
after some investigation, I found out, that
when I use Restore functionality - setup with Restore Point - Latest version,
then restoration works really correctly and no deleted files/folder are in restored folder
(despite the old deleted files/folder are visible in backup)

So the only remaining questions is:
When the old deleted files/folders will be deleted also from backup?
Despite I deleted some folder(s) in source, I still see this folder in backup storage, after backup was run.
I would expect, that these deleted folders should be deleted also in backup side, but they are still there and visible. When will they be removed?

My backup plan is this:

• - source is 1 folder on my notebook disk (filesystem)
• - backup is external USB key (filesystem)
• - Backup mode: Simple Mode
• - Advanced filter: all empty = nothing is ticked
• - Retention Policy:
• - Ticked: Delete files, that have been deleted locally
• - Delete after 0 days (this is settings, where I expect, that deleted file/folder in source will be deleted immediately also in backup, but this not happens)